为什么精密零件中细长轴的切削会导致弯曲?

在精密零件加工领域, 车削细长轴时, due to the poor rigidity of the workpiece itself, improper adjustment of auxiliary tools such as the center frame and follower frame can result in the geometric shape and surface quality not meeting the requirements, leading to bending. ​ The workpiece has a large specific diameter and poor rigidity; The effects of radial cutting force and centrifugal force during turning cause thermal deformation, elongation, and cutting stress in the workpiece; Due to various reasons such as the fact that the raw material itself is a deformed rod, it can cause the workpiece to bend. The solution is to use a center frame and a follower frame to increase the rigidity of the workpiece; Reasonably select the geometric angle of the cutting tool (mainly large rake angle and large main rake angle), reduce radial cutting force, and minimize the generation of cutting heat; Using spring tips to reduce the adverse effects of workpiece linear expansion, fully pouring cutting fluid, reducing friction and quickly taking away the generated heat, necessary heat treatment is carried out on the blank or workpiece. If there is bending in the raw material itself or during the processing of precision parts, it should be straightened in a timely manner before continuing turning. Specific methods such as hot forging straightening, cold pressing straightening, impact straightening, impact straightening, prying straightening, simple tool straightening, quenching straightening, anti twist groove straightening, 等. can be selected according to the needs.